Sample

Buse/84

Human rating uses the original dataset scale.

DatasetBuse
Human3.94
Lines7

Scores

MethodScoreScaleDataset rank
(0–100)
Posnett0.9580–1; higher is more readable
96.0Δ 11.6
Dorn0.7910–1; higher is more readable
78.8Δ 5.6
Mi0.4430–1; higher is more readable
33.3Δ 51.0
LLOC3Logical lines; fewer is more readable
88.9Δ 4.5
DeepSeek V4 Pro140–20; mean of three runs
47.5Δ 36.9
GPT-6.1 Sol180–20; mean of three runs
84.8Δ 0.5
BTTF0.6260–1; higher is more readable
80.8Δ 3.5
Human3.941–5; original rating
84.3

Views

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Source regions

Feature contributions

Feature contributions

FeatureValueContribution
(log-odds)
Byte entropyHow varied the bytes in the source text are. Repeated bytes give a lower value; a more even mixture gives a higher value.4.083−6.125
Source linesThe number of non-empty source lines.7+2.8
Halstead volumeHow much symbolic information the code contains. It combines the total number of operators and values with the number of distinct ones.73.082−2.412

Intercept 8.87 + feature contributions = 3.133 (log-odds).
Score = sigmoid(3.133) = 0.958.

Feature contributions

FeatureValueContribution
(log-odds)
Comment layout frequencyHow frequently the layout switches between lines containing only comments or whitespace and lines containing code.8+0.753
Indentation frequencyHow rapidly indentation changes from line to line.1−0.703
Operator visual areaThe share of the code’s visual area occupied by operators such as +, =, and *.0.03+0.651
Number layout frequencyHow rapidly the number of numeric values per line changes through the code.1+0.398
Identifier layout (horizontal)How rapidly the visual pattern of identifier characters changes from left to right. It measures spatial frequency, not the meaning of the names.79+0.319
Identifier layout (vertical)How rapidly the visual pattern of identifier characters changes from top to bottom.6.775−0.315
Comment layout (horizontal)How rapidly the visual pattern of comment characters changes from left to right.59.625+0.158

Intercept 0.07 + feature contributions = 1.332 (log-odds).
Score = sigmoid(1.332) = 0.791.

Score0.443
Score3
Run 1

The code snippet is relatively readable but has some issues. On the positive side, it maintains one action per line, uses clear variable names, and includes an explanatory comment about an important constraint. The vertical alignment of assignment operators also aids quick scanning. However, the naming is inconsistent (mainColArray vs refColArray vs colLen), and the comment is verbose and somewhat unclear without context about the broader data structure. The logic is straightforward but relies on external knowledge of what mainCols, refCols, and core represent, making the purpose ambiguous in isolation. The assignment of colLen on a separate line breaks the logical grouping with mainColArray, although this may be intentional. Overall, the code is understandable but would benefit from consistent naming and a more concise comment.

Run 2

The code is concise and each line performs a single action, which is good for readability. However, the intent is somewhat obscured by the variable names and the cryptic multi-line comment. The comment explains a constraint about column ordering but is embedded in a way that disrupts flow. The variable names like 'core', 'mainColArray', 'colLen', and 'refColArray' are reasonably descriptive, but the relationship between them could be clearer. The structure is flat and logical, but the overall purpose is not immediately obvious without the comment. Slightly better formatting and a clearer comment could raise the score.

Run 3

The code is concise and each line performs a single clear action, which supports good action granularity and code length. The variable names are descriptive enough to infer their purpose, and the flat structure avoids unnecessary nesting. The reading flow is straightforward, with assignments grouped logically. The main deduction is due to the long comment above the code, which is somewhat verbose and could be more succinct, slightly disrupting the natural flow. Additionally, the alignment of the assignment operators, while visually tidy, may be considered unnecessary formatting. Overall, the code is highly readable with minor improvements possible.

Run 1

Code Structure: logically grouped assignments initialize related constraint fields. Nesting: entirely flat, with no control-flow complexity. Clarity of intent: the comment explains why column ordering matters, although abbreviations and references to identifiers not present in the snippet slightly reduce clarity. Code length: concise, without unnecessary statements. Action granularity: each line performs a single assignment. Reading flow: the assignments follow a natural sequence, and aligned operators improve scanning; the comment's dense wording is the main readability weakness.

Run 2

Code Structure: Three related assignments are logically grouped beneath a relevant explanatory comment. Nesting: No nesting makes the snippet easy to scan. Clarity of intent: Descriptive field names convey the assignments, and the comment explains why column order matters; however, its wording is awkward and references identifiers not shown in the snippet. Code length: Concise, with no unnecessary operations. Action granularity: Each line performs exactly one assignment. Reading flow: The sequence naturally establishes the main column array, derives its length, and sets the referenced column array; aligned assignments aid scanning.

Run 3

Code Structure: Three related assignments are logically grouped beneath a relevant comment. Nesting: The snippet is flat, with no nested control flow. Clarity of intent: The assignments clearly initialize column metadata, and the comment explains why column order matters; however, abbreviations and references to names absent from the snippet slightly reduce clarity. Code length: Concise, with no unnecessary statements. Action granularity: Each line performs a single assignment. Reading flow: The main columns are assigned before their length is derived, followed by the reference columns, producing a natural sequence. Consistent alignment improves scanning, though the comment's wording is somewhat awkward.